musaobis gegma reglamenti 9 noemberi, 10:30 saati sesiis gaxsna (saaqto darbazi)

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1 samecniero dialeqtologiuri sesia gaixsneba 2007 wlis 9 noembers, 10:30 saatze iakob gogebasvilis saxelobis Telavis saxelmwifo universitetsi (qartuli universitetis q. #1). musaobis gegma 9 noemberi, 10:30 saati sesiis gaxsna (saaqto darbazi) 1. misalmeba, iakob gogebasvilis saxelobis Telavis saxelmwifo universitetis reqtori prof. g. g o c i r i Z e 2. Sesavali sitkva, arn. Ciqobavas enatmecnierebis institutis direqtori l. e z u g b a i a reglamenti momxsenebels _ 10 wuti msjeloba gaimarteba moxsenebata mosmenis Semdeg redaqtorebi: prof. m. Cuxua, prof. m. berize arn. Ciqobavas enatmecnierebis instituti I seqcia 11 saati sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: l. ezugbaia, r. yikaze 1. T.uTurgaiZe, m.manjgalaze, T.teteloSvili, fonologiuri interferentuli movlenebi kaxetsi Camosaxlebuli mtis kilota warmomadgenlebis metkvelebasi 2. a.arabuli, SeTanxmebis kidev erti saxeobisatvis qartuli enis dialeqtebsi 3. m. C u x u a, saertoqartveluri *wen- da osuri bcenºbwen formata urtiertmimartebisatvis 4. r. y i k a Z e, Tedo uturgaizis Tvalsazrisi enobrivi kontaqtebis Sesaxeb samecniero-pedagogiuri mogvaweobis dasawkissi, anu rogor iwkeboda Tedo uturgaize 5. m e r a b b e r i Z e, qartuli sufiqsit nawarmoebi Turquli fuze Kannisi 6. q. g i g a S v i l i, ~mates saxarebis~ ori bolo redaqciis teqstis berznizmebi 7. v. S e n g e l i a, qartvelur-cerqezuli leqsikuri urtiertobidan 8. m. f a G a v a, eqspedicia klarjetsi 9. r. a b a S i a, qartuli dialeqturi leqsika da saertoqartveluri fuze-enis rekonstruqciis zogierti sakitxi 10. s. a s a t u r o v a, bgeriti SesatKvisobani sxvadasxva enobriv ojaxebs Soris II seqcia, 11 saati sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: a. arabuli, l. SalvaSvili 1. g.gogolaze, aleqsandre xaxanasvili da enata urtiertobis sakitxebi (1894 w. jurnali `kvali~) 2. n. y o x o n e l i Z e, idiomebi garekaxursi (sartiyalis metkvelebis mixedvit) 3

2 3. g. g o g o l a S v i l i, dialeqturi kontaqti, rogorc cvlileba- Ta Semaferxebeli faqtori 4. m. b u k i a, enobrivi kontaqtebis Sedegad warmoqmnil sitkvata rigisatvis qartvelur da afxazur enebsi 5. n. m a y a v a r i a n i, afxazuri as ˆS kams `yianyvela~ leqsemis bgeratfardobisatvis mis qartul SesatKvisTan 6. o.memisisi, idiomis gramatikuli struqturisatvis lazursi 7. k.kakitaze, etnolingvisturi paralelebi. I. 8. m.kakacia, kalkirebuli frazeologizmebi megrulsi 9. r. i o s e l i a n i, nasesxebi sitkvebi svanur samseneblo leqsikasi 10. l. g i g l e m i a n i, erti svanuri nasesxobis Sesaxeb megrulsi III seqcia, 11 saati sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: m. qurdiani, m. berize 1. n. b a r T a i a, qartul-agmosavluri enobrivi kontaqtebidan 2. c. b e n d e l i a n i, fonetikur movlenata / fonologiur cvlad- Ta stratifikacia da `fonetikuri kompromisis~ sakitxi enata kontaqtebis pirobebsi 3. m. q u r d i a n i, fonetikuri procesebis droiti mijayvuloba da mati mnisvneloba enobrivi kontaqtebis qronologiis dadgenisatvis 4. m. C a C a n i Z e, enobrivi kontaqtebis leqsikografiuli parametrizaciis sakitxi qeglis axal redaqciasi 5. n. f u t k a r a Z e, enobrivi kontaqtebi da ayaruli dialeqtis sameurneo Kofis amsaxveli leqsika 6. n. J o r b e n a Z e, qartulisatvis arabunebrivi fonetikuri kompleqsis Semcveli zogi sitkvis Sesaxeb (dialeqtta monacemebze dakrdnobit) 7. n. s u r m a v a, enobrivi da dialeqturi kontaqtebi (ayarasi mopovebuli uaxlesi masalebis mixedvit) 8. T. p a p i a S v i l i, tradiciuli xis xurotmozgvreba da mastan dakavsirebuli sakitxebi imerxevis metkvelebis mixedvit 9. r. S e r o z i a, enisa da dialeqtis urtiertmimartebis sakitxisatvis 10. m. s a G l i a n i, svanuri da afxazur-cerqezuli leqsikuri Sexvedrebi. I. nasesxobani 4 9 noemberi, 14 saati I seqcia sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: q. gigasvili, m. qamadaze 1. m.berize, l.bakuraze, dialeqturi teqstebis korpusi da enata kontaqtebi 2. m. b e r i Z e, g. c o c a n i Z e, migraciebi XX saukunis saqartvelo- Si da mastan dakavsirebuli lingvisturi sakitxebi 3. S. g a b i s k i r i a, qartvelur-turquli enobrivi kontaqtebi lazetis toponimikuri masalis mixedvit 4. l. S a l v a S v i l i, megrulis masala Tanamedrove qartuli gazetebis furclebze 5. n. o T i n a S v i l i, qartul-osuri leqsikuri toponimikuri Sexvedrebi 6. m.robaqize, `zoravar~ terminisatvis qartulsa da somxursi 7. m.qamadaze, Turquli elementi ayaris antroponimiasi 8. m. k a y kay isvili, dominanti enis sakitxi JavaxeTis enobriv situaciasi 9. T. z v i a d a Z e, kvlav zanizmebisatvis imerulsi 10. T. l o m T a Z e, m. q a c a r a v a, sitkvata sesxebisatvis Tanamedrove qartulsi II seqcia, 14 saati sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: g. gogolasvili, m. bukia 1. T. v a S a k i Z e, saxelisa da gvaris Sebrunebuli wkobisatvis (qartuli da araqartuli gvarebis mixedvit) 2. a. bertlani, qartuli antroponimebi enata urtiertobebis fonze 3. n. a x v l e d i a n i, ramdenime leqsikuri erteulisatvis samxretdasavlet saqartvelos dialeqtebsi 4. a. t u G u S i, megruli warmomavlobis sitkvata asaxvisatvis ucxour wkaroebsa da garemomcvel ena-kiloebsi 5. d. a n f i m i a d i, nisanta funqciis gazrda virtualuri komunikaciisas 6. n. c e c x l a Z e, sofel bazgiretis toponimebi 7. m. J G a r k a v a, nasesxebi zmnebi lazursi 8. m. q u q C i S v i l i, k-s Semcveli sufiqsebi qartulsa da ber- Znul enebsi 9. m. b a r i x a S v i l i, saxelta warmoebis sistema interferenciis TvalsazrisiT lezgiur enebsi 10. a. b e r i Z e, arzrumis istoriuli saxelebi 5

3 III seqcia, 14 saati sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: v. Sengelia, m. qacarava 1. m. m i q e l a Z e, nasesxebi da megzuri afiqsebis urtiertmimartebis sakitxisatvis (wova-tusur-qartuli orenovnebis masalebis mixedvit) 2. n.nogaideli, -er da -at sufiqsebi zanur enasa da ayarul dialeqtsi 3. g.gvancelaze, akademikosi qetevan lomtatize dialeqtologiisa da enobrivi kontaqtebis Sesaxeb 4. m. m e t r e v e l i, bilingvizmis kvleva metkvelebis doneze 5. m. c i s k a r i S v i l i, kaxuri dialeqtizmebi wova-tusebis qar- Tul metkvelebasi 6. c.janjgava, qartuli saliteraturo enidan megrul dialeqt- Si Sesuli leqsikis Sesaxeb 7. d.cxubianisvili, fereidnuli dialeqtis Seswavlis adreuli etapi, pirveli publikaciebi 8. e. g a z d e l i a n i, qartul-svanuri enobrivi mimartebebi kompozitebsi 9. e.futkaraze, enobrivi kontaqtebi da ayaruli dialeqtis sameurneo Kofis amsaxveli leqsika 10 noemberi, 12 saati plenaruli sxdoma 1. l. e z u g b a i a, T. uturgaize _ axali gramatikuli koncefciis avtori 2. r. y i k a Z e, aramxolod enobrivi kontaqtebi (T. uturgaize nastudentaris TvaliT) 3. a. a r a b u l i, T. uturgaize _ qartuli gramatikuli memkvidreobis Semfasebeli 4. i. g i p e r t i _ qartvelologiuri skolis TvalsaCino warmomadgeneli 5. m. T a n d a S v i l i _ amagdari maswavlebeli 6. m.manjgalaze, qartuli enis manqanuri damusavebis sataveebtan 7. m. C u x u a, T. uturgaize da saertoqartveluri fonotaqtikis problemebi 8. m. m i q e l a Z e, savse qartuli patiosnebit 9. g. c o c a n i Z e, T. uturgaize _ dialeqtologi 10. r. a b a S i a, T. uturgaize da kavkasiologiis sakitxebi revaz abasia (Tbilisi) qartuli dialeqturi leqsika da saertoqartveluri fuze-enis rekonstruqciis zogierti sakitxi mdidari da mravalferovani qartuli dialeqturi leqsikis gatvaliswinebis garese xsir SemTxvevaSi SeuZlebeli xdeba ara mxolod qartvelur enata struqturis sinqroniul doneze srulfasovani agwera da analizi, aramed, rac aranakleb mnisvnelovania, qartvelur enata istoriuli, amosavali vitarebis rekonstruqcia. qartuli enis dialeqtebsi Semonaxulia iseti leqsikac, romelic samwerlobo qartulsi ar dasturdeba, magram mxolod misi gatvaliswinebitaa SesaZlebeli zanur-svanuri SesatKvisi formebis gamovlena da qartveluri fuze-enis doneze arqetipebis agdgena. qartuli dialeqturi leqsika saintereso surats gvicvenebs sibilantur fonemata ganawilebis TvalsazrisiTac rogorc sakutriv qartuli enis dialeqtebis farglebsi, ise qar- Tvelur enata da dialeqtta urtiertmimartebis dasadgenad, vinaidan sibilantur fonemata sisina da SiSina saxeobebis Semcveli dubleturi fuzeebi gansakutrebit swored qartuli enis dialeqtebsia Semonaxuli. qartvelur enebsa da dialeqtebsi sibilantur fonemata ganawileba da mat ekvivalentta CamoKalibeba istoriulad sxvadasxva dialeqtur areals da sxvadasxva qronologiur safexurs gulisxmobs. aqedan, saertoqartvelur leqsikasi moipoveba araerti fuze (resp. Ziri, morfema, afiqsi), romelic sakutriv qartuli wina rigis (sisina) da zanur-svanuri rogorc wina rigis (sisina), ise ukana rigis (SiSina) sibilantta SesatKvisobaSi dialeqturi leqsikis gansakutrebul rols asaxavs. samwerlobo qartulsic sxvadasxva qronologiur safexurze damkvidrda sxvadasxva dialeqturi warmomavlobis ro- 6 7

4 gorc sisina (mag., Zv. qart. zrzola), ise _ SiSina (ax. qart. jrjola) saxeoba; aseve, samwerlobo qartulsi ertdrouladac dasturdeba dialeqturi sisina sibilantiani (mag., lecxumuri wkurti) da SiSina sibilantiani (z. ayaruli ykurti) fuzeebi. am saxit drota ganmavlobasi qartvelur enebsa da dialeqtebsi (resp. TqmebSi, mikro-enobriv erteulebsi) mkvidrdeboda rogorc sisina, ise _ SiSina sibilantiani fuze an, umeteswilad _ ert-erti mat Soris. masasadame, qartuli enis dialeqtebsic, iseve, rogorc zanur da svanur dialeqtebsi, dasturdeba qartveluri fuzeenis sisina sibilantebis rogorc sisina (identuri), ise _ Si- Sina ekvivalentebi. qartuli dialeqturi leqsikac metnaklebad cxadkofs saerto warmomavlobisa da identuri agebulebis fuzeebsi sisina da SiSina sibilantebis monacvleobas. rogorc wesi, qartul dialeqtebsic wina rigis (sisina) sibilantebis enacvleba ukana rigis (SiSina) sibilantebi, e. i. zanur-svanur- Si istoriulad momxdari artikulaciuri gadawevis msgavsad, qartuli dialeqtebistvisac sisina sibilantta SenarCuneba (fuze-enis wina rigis, sisina qartuli dialeqtebis wina rigis, sisina) da sawarmotqmo adgilis ukan gadaweva (fuze-enis wina rigi sisina qartuli dialeqtebis ukana rigi SiSina) Kofila damaxasiatebeli, da ara _ sapirispiro procesi, romelic gveqneboda fuze-enasi Sua rigis (sisin-sisina) sibilantebis dasvebis SemTxvevaSi (fuze-enis Sua rigis, sisin-sisina qartuli dialeqtebis wina rigis, sisina), rac daargvevda qar- Tveluri ena-dialeqtebisatvis bunebriv da, amdenad, mosalodnel saerto Tvisebas. sibilantebi, rogorc cnobilia, qmnian sademarkacio xazs qartvelur enata Soris (g. mayavariani). am xazs ertgvarad aneitralebs qartul dialeqtebsi (da am dialeqtebis mesveobit samwerlobo qartulsi) Semonaxuli saertoqartveluri fuzeebi, sadac wina rigis (sisina) sibilantebs enacvleba ukana rigis (SiSina) sibilantebi, iseve, rogorc zanur-svanursi da, amdenad, iqmneba ufro meti safuzveli qartveluri enebisa da dialeqtebis siaxlovisa da mat Soris `sademarkacio xazis~ moslisa. qvemot warmodgenilia qartuli dialeqturi (da, amas- Tanave, dialeqtebis mesveobit samwerlobo qartulsi damkvidrebuli) leqsikis erti nawili, sadac urtiertmonacvle sisina da SiSina sibilantebs saxecvlilebis fonetikuri (an sxva xasiatis, garda dialeqturisa) safuzveli ar ucant (resp. cxadia, dialeqtur cvlilebebsac istoriulad _ qartveluri fuzeenis diferenciaciis epoqasi _ garkveulwilad fonetikuri mizezebi ganapirobebda): wina rigis (sisina) sibilantiani fuzeebi: ukana rigis (SiSina) sibilantiani fuzeebi: blacun-i (gur.) _ blacun-i (ayar.), bacun-i (z. imer.) brwkinva (qegl) _ bryk nva `mcire brwkinvaleba~ (saba) burzg-i (gur.), burzgvi _ bujg-i (ayar.) (lecx.) zlazvna (qegl) _ jranjva (gur.) zvepa (qizik.), zepva _ jepa (qegl, qartl., ray.) (qegl) cexva (qegl) _ mo-cex-eb-a (gur.) GrZ-il-i (qegl) _ GJ-il-i (gur., lecx., qegl) da-wnex-a, da-zrex-ili (mox., mtiul.) _ da-yrex-il-i (fs., xevs.) da-wux-v-a `daxuyva~ (saba) _ da-xuy-v-a `TvalT mokreba, dayuxva~, da-yux-v-a `Tvals daxurva, dawuxva~ (saba) ga-wvret-a (xevs.) _ yvret-a- (TuS.), sa-yvretel-i (fs., TuS., mtiul.) farcxva (qegl) _ farcxva (lecx.) frcx-il-i (qegl) _ frcx-il-i (qegl) forcx-i (qizik.), focx-i (qegl) _ forcx-i (kax., imer., qegl.), focx-i (qartl., ray.) Gowial-i (imer.) _ Goyial-i (ray.) da sxv. 8 9

5 aseti dubleturi fuzeebi qartuli enis dialeqtebsi mravlad gvxvdeba da mat umetes nawils zanursa da svanursi SesatKvisebi moepoveba, ris mixedvitac SesaZlebelia arqetipebis agdgena saertoqartveluri fuze-enis doneze. Kovelive es qartvelur enata da dialeqtta istoriis araerti kardinaluri sakitxis gasarkvevad qartuli dialeqturi leqsikis gansakutrebul rolsa da mnisvnelobaze metkvelebs. diana anfimiadi (Tbilisi) nisanta funqciis gazrda virtualuri komunikaciisas _ (SeTanxmeba) da a.s. Sinaarsis mixedvit arsebobs monopersonaluri (zemotcamotvlili) da polipersonaluri nisnebi, mag:,... nisanta funqciis gazrda verbalizaciis xarjze ganpirobebulia mravali socialuri da fsiqologiuri mizezit, rac TavisTavad ganxorcielebas axdens enobriv narativsi. swored am mizezebsa da Sedegebzea saubari nasromsi; masalad gamokenebulia internetkomunikaciis ramdenime programa, popularuli qartuli da araqartuli saitebi da am saitta forumebi. am masalis analizisas gamotanilia daskvnebi da CamoKalibebulia warmodgenil nisanta semiotikuri sistema, sxvadasxva Jgufi, mati urtiertoba da a.s. rogorc virtualuri enis mnisvnelovani Semadgeneli nawili. nasromsi ganxilulia enobrivi komunikaciis iseti saxe, rogoricaa virtualuri urtiertoba. Tanamedrove cxovrebasi kompiuteruli teqnologiebisa da internetis funqciis gazrdam warmosva e.w. virtualuri enis qvetipi, sadac verbaluri narativis garda, mnisvnelovania iseti semiotikuri nisnebic, rogoricaa sicilakebi da sxvadasxva saxis piktogramebi. xsirad, virtualuri urtiertobisas sitkva Canacvlebulia aseti nisnebit, metic, dialogic ki mimdinareobs aset nisanta gamokenebit. am nisanta fsiqologiuri, xasiatobrivi, Tematuri da konteqsturi mravalferovneba kidev ufro amartivebs am saxis komunikacias. aseti nisnebia magalitad: _ (gakvirveba), _ kmakofileba, _ (mowkeniloba,) _ (mentoruli toni), 10 _ (damarcxebis agiareba). avtandil arabuli(tbilisi) SeTanxmebis kidev erti saxeobisatvis qartuli enis dialeqtebsi 1. qartuli enis arsebitad Kvela dialeqtis mixedvit detalurad aris agwerili kninobitis gamoxatvis mravalferovneba da araertgvarovneba rogorc Sinaarsobrivi, ise formaluri TvalsazrisiT: -a, -ia, -ua, -in-a, -un-a, -ik-a, -uk-a, -ik-el-a, -unel-a, -iz-a, -iy-a, -uy-a da mist. 2. amave dros, agmosavlet saqartvelos mtis dialeqtebis monacemebi askarad warmoacens, rom arsebiti saxelis kninobitis formas Sesabamis atributul msazgvrelta SeTanxmebis unari moepoveba, am msazgvreli wevris poziciisda miuxedavad. xevsuruli: qvai, qvao, mamarcine, Senam ZaGlam mikbinao (al. yiny.) Cqara modi, maisao, cxvarma ZuZu gaivsao, bewikuam 11

6 batkanama piri ziscvrit gaivsao (iqve) fsauri: kargunela qalaia, miwis gasamtvereseli, kargunela pirai aqvs vajis Casatolebeli (T. razik.). moxeuri: orai uremai purai Zliv gadioda (i. qavt.). TuSuri: anam ra gver vxedov emag Sen col-svilsav, emag Sen qala sav, sviod Sen fera sav (n. azik.). [Tumca umetesad: agar SamomaKriv diida Tvalebsav (iqve)]. am monacemebidan sruliad natlad gamomdinareobs daskvna: a) qartuli enis calkeuli qvesistemebisatvis damaxasia- Tebelia SeTanxmebis movlena kninobitobis morfologiuri kategoriis nisnit; b) es movlena gvavaldebulebs, rom kninobitobis kategorias sistemuri (fleqsia-derivaciis) TvalsazrisiT sxvagvarad SevxedoT. g) vfiqrobt, amgvar SeTanxmebaze SeiZleba vimsjelot rogorc arealur Taviseburebaze. rogorc cnobilia, monatesave enebis ojaxs Seadgens saer- To warmosobis enebi. savsebit bunebrivia is garemoeba, rom monatesave enebi met-naklebad inarcunebs msgavsebas rogorc ZiriTad leqsikur SemadgenlobaSi, aseve prefiqsebsa da sufiqseb- Sic. es msgavseba narcundeba agretve bgerit SemadgenlobaSi. kvlevis Sedegebi gvicvenebs, rom msgavsebas adgili aqvs aramonatesave enebs Sorisac. ra aris amis mizezi? SemTxveviTobaa es, Tu agnisnuli tipis msgavsebas sxva mizezi aqvs. me-20 saukunis dasawkissi daniel mecnier holger pedersenis mier wamokenebuli (gamotqmuli) iko hipoteza imis Sesaxeb, rom dgemde arsebuli genealogiur klasifikaciasi Suamavali enobrivi ojaxebi ert saerto enobriv ojaxs warmoadgenen. pedersenis mixedvit, indoevropul, semitur, uralur, Turqul, kavkasiur da sxva enata ojaxebs win uzgvoda erti winare ena (`прапраязык~). aset enas man uwoda nostratikuli. enata zeojaxis arsebobis Teorias mravali mimdevari gamoucnda (a. dolgopovski, v. ilic-svitici, T. gamkrelize da sxva), romeltac agmoacines fuzeebis garkveuli msgavseba indoevropelebis, iukagirta, kusitebis enebsi. a. dolgopolskis azrit, SemTxveviTi Tanxvdomis albatoba umnisvneloa. asetive azrisa iko v. ilic-svitici. mat gamoikvanes enata ojaxebs Soris arsebuli bgerit SesatKvisoba- Ta formula. es ki, Tavis mxriv, didi perspeqtivaa ara mxolod lingvistikisatvis. fuzeta (bgeriti) SesatKvisobani vlindeba indoevropuli da qartveluri enebis Sedarebis Sedegad, rac svams sakitxs qartveluri da indoevropuli enebis saerto winare enis arsebobis Sesaxeb. seda asaturova (Telavi) bgeriti SesatKvisobani sxvadasxva enobriv ojaxebs Soris nargiz axvlediani(batumi) ramdenime leqsikuri erteulisatvis samxret-dasavlet saqartvelos dialeqtebsi samecniero literaturasi dadgenili faqtia, rom samxrulma metkvelebam, romelic garkveuli istoriuli pirobebis gamo, moswkda saerto erovnul qartuls, mis kilokavebs, uxvad Semogvinaxa arqauli enobrivi Taviseburebani. zogjer 12 13

7 mxolod am dialeqtebs SemounaxavT esa Tu is gramatikuli da leqsikuri erteulebi, romelic Zvel saerto literaturul normad iko migebuli, magram axal saliteraturo enas ar Seu- Tavsebia. nasromsi saubaria leqsikur erteulebze, romlebic gvxvdeba lazursi, ayarulsi, gurulsi, imerulsa da SavSurimerxeulSi. magalitistvis movikvant ert-ert matgans: fun- Cxi//furCxi. funcxi _ myadis, puris, Kvelisa da mistanata namceci, nafsveni ayarulsi. fucxa//funcxa, fincxa _ megrulsi nisnavs puris an Gomis nafsvens, fxvnils, namcecs (p. yaraia). funcxuli gvxvdeba gurulsic. funcxuli: 1. aramkvrivi, fxvieri, fin- Cxebad qceuli; 2. moxarsuli Gomis marcvali, nigvzita da ze- TiT Sezavebuli: `zevidan gadmokidebuli eri qotani funcxuli~ (gamocana = legvi) (SaraSiZe). ayarulsi funcxi nisnavs: 1. myadis an puris namcecs, nafxvens. `eh, me is droc momstria, xalx yadi(s) furcxic rom enatreboda~. Sdr. : gur. fincxa. 2. gadataniti mnisvnelobit erti bewo, erti cicqna, pawawina, pawawkintela (nijaraze). gurulis msgavsad imerulsic gvxvdeba finca. `finca~ _ imerulsi funcxuli, fincxali, finca, fincqi _ gamomcxvari pureulis an Gomis nafsveni, namceci, umnisvnelo ram, erti bewo, nafoti (b. wereteli). lazursi `funcxa~ nisnavs namtvrevs. `ofuncxalu~ _ damtvreva, CafSvnas. finc svanursi gvxvdeba Semdegi mnisvnelobit: 1. bewvi da 2. namceci; fincx _ namceci, fincxa (Tofuria). SavSur-imerxeulSi funcxi _ myadis an puris namcecebi, nafcqvenebi (S. futkaraze). nasrom- Si ganxilulia kidev ramdenime leqsikuri erteuli: `kosi~, `forci~ da sxva. nomadi bartaia(tbilisi) qartul-agmosavluri enobrivi kontaqtebidan Serisa Cveni KuradGeba miipkro `vefxistkaosnis~ mesame strofis mesame taepis saritmo erteulma, romelic gamocemata mixedvit Semdegi saxitaa mocemuli: `Serisa~, `Se risa~, `Se-risa~, `Se, risa~, `Se,-risa~. mas xan dasmuli aqvs mzime, xan kitxviti, xanac _ kitxviti da Zaxilis nisani ertad. movikvant agnisnul taeps `vefxistkaosnis~ akademiuri teqstis damdgeni komisiis mier (mtavari redaqtorebi: akademikosebi aleqsandre baramize da giorgi wereteli) poemis bolo 1988 wlis gamocemidan: `mas, ara vici, Sevhkadro Sesxma xotbisa, Serisa?!~ rogor esmit poemis gamomcemlebs CvenTvis saintereso saritmo erteuli? pasuxi calsaxaa, esmit tradiciulad, rogorc kitxviti nacvalsaxeli. Cven eyvi gvepareba mis tradiciul gagebasi. warmovadgent Cvens mosazrebas: arabul enasi aris leqsikuri erteuli - شعر (Ser), romlis mnisvnelobaa _ leqsi. misgan nawarmoebia - شاعر (Sa er) _ poeti. aqedan momdinareobs qartuli Sairi. orive sitkva identuri fonetikuri saxita da semantikuri datvirtvit Sesulia sparsul enasi. niko mari, `vefxistkaosnis~ sitkvata ganmartebisas, Sesabamisad, ganmartavs Sers (Se r), Tumca, es poemis gamomcemlebis mier gatvaliswinebuli ara Cans. vfiqrobt, Serisa unda gavigot ara rogorc kitxviti nacvalsaxeli, aramed rogorc qartulsi Semosuli arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erteuli _ شعر (Se r-) _ leqsi

8 amfsoni da fsoni qartuli enis ganmartebit leqsikonsi Setanilia ori leqsikuri erteuli amfsoni da fsoni, sadac isini ganmartebulia ase: amfsoni - amxanagi, amkoli, avancavani, Tanamesufre. fsoni - 1. monawileta mier Tanabrad gagebuli xarjit gaweuli nadimi. 2. banqos zogiert TamaSSi _ bolos asakvanad darcenili qagaldi. amfsons ar icnobs sulxan-saba orbelianis `sitkvis kona,~ magram icnobs fsons Semdegi mnisvnelobit: amxanagni SeKrilni. n. CubinaSvilis `qartuli leqsikonis~ mixedvit, fsoni momdinareobs berznuli sitkvidan (fsomi) _ puri, xolo misgan nawarmoebi Cans amfsoni, rasic eyvi gvepareba, radgan qar- TulSi ar arsebobs sitkvatmawarmoebeli prefiqsi `am~, xolo berznulistvis, saertod, ucxoa leqsikuri erteuli amfsoni. am problemastan dakavsirebit, Cveni KuradGeba miiqcia ertma sparsulma prefiqsianma sitkvam - هم سن (ham sen), romelic sitkvasitkvit itargmneba ase _ Tana asakis. هم (ham) aris prefiqsi _ Tana, romelic awarmoebs arsebitsa da zedsartav saxelebs, xolo سن (sen) _ arsebiti saxeli _ asaki. am saxit هم کار _ magalitad, mravali sitkvaa nawarmoebi sparsulsi, (ham qar) Tana mosaqme, amqari. sparsuli leqsikonebic Sesabamisad ganmartavs ham sen-s kbila. _ Tanatoli, erti xnis, toli, (هم سن) aqve agvnisnavt, amfsoni Semdegi fonetikuri variantebitac dasturdeba qartul enasi: hamsoni, amsoni, afsoni. (i. grisasvili, `qalaquri leqsikoni~), romeltagan hamsoni fonetikurad TiTqmis identurobas avlens sparsul sitkvastan _ هم سن (ham sen). amgvarad, amfsoni rogorc fonetikurad, ise semantikurad, siaxloves avlens ham sentan سن) (هم da igi misgan unda modiodes, xolo, rac Seexeba leqsikur erteuls fsoni, ramdenadac igi sxva enebsi ar dasturdeba, SesaZloa, migebuli ikos sitkvisgan amfsoni. nabaxurevi qartul enasi aris leqsikuri erteuli nabaxurevi, romelic qartuli enis ganmartebiti leqsikonis mixedvit gaigivebulia baxusidan nawarmoeb sitkvastan _ nabaxusevi da mastan ertad ganmartebulia ase: naqeifari, nagvinevi. agnisnul leqsikonsi calkea ganmartebuli leqsema baxusi. mosalodneli iko, mas dawkvileboda baxuri, magram ase ar agmocnda, albat im mizezis gamo, rom am leqsikur er- Teuls ar icnobs qartuli ena. ras unda nisnavdes baxuri? arabul enasi aris leqsema _ بخور (boxur), romelic identuri saxita da SinaarsiT Sesulia sparsul enasi. misi mnisvnelobaa: 1. moweva, weva, (Tambaqosi, opiumisa). 1. kmeva, xrcoleba, boleba. 3. gamoxda (arkisa); gundruki, sakmeveli). Cveni azrit, qartulsi arsebuli leqsikuri erteuli baxuri igivea, rac arabul-sparsuli _ بخور (boxur ). amrigad, baxusi da baxuri sxvadasxva leqsikuri erteulebi Canan. Sesabamisad, nabaxurevi ( monawevi ) da nabaxusevi ( nasvami ) leqsikonsi cal-calke unda iqnas Setanili. aseve Tavisi adgili unda daikavos leqsikonsi nasesxebma leqsikurma erteulma _ baxur-i. maia barixasvili(tbilisi) saxelta warmoebis sistema interferenciis TvalsazrisiT lezgiur enebsi udiur, waxurul da muxadur enebsi arsebiti saxelis sawarmoeblad ZiriTadad nasesxebi prefiqs-sufiqsebi gamoikeneba. agnisnul enebsi qona-kolis, kutvnilebis saxelebis sawarmoeblad ZiriTadad gvaqvs Turqul-azerbaiJanuli lug, 16 17

9 Ci da sxva sufiqsebi. xsir SemTxvevaSi es elementebi arakanonzomierad nawildeba. Cvens xelt arsebul masalaze dakrdnobit SesaZlebelia itqvas, rom -lug nasesxebi afiqsi udiur enasi aris raimes Senacvlebis, magivrobis gamomxatveli. magalitad: azadlug Tavisufleba aellug bavsvoba lazumlug sayiroeba faxilug Surianoba, boroteba amave dros gvaqvs iseti SemTxvevebic, rodesac misi funqcia gansazgruli ar aris: bmaclug asiani bigug siuxve buslug SimSili analogiuri vitareba gvaqvs -Ci sufiqsis SemTxvevaSic. magalitad: KoruGCi mevele naxerci menaxire am sitkvebsi ki misi morfologiuri funqcia gaurkvevelia. afci tkuili CobanCi mwkemsi agsanisnavia, rom lezgiuri enebis sametkvelo fondi metkvelebis nawilebit, gansakutrebit kavsirebit, Garibia. am naklovanebis Sesavsebad es enebi ikeneben ucxoenovan masalas. Tumca unda aginisnos, rom am movlenas pirobitad SeiZleba ewodos sesxeba, vinaidan sinonimuri mnisvnelobis sakutari semantikuri erteulebi am enata leqsikur fondsi Znelad Tu moipoveba. am processi `msesxebeli~ enebis leqsikurma Tu morfologiurma sistemam moirgo ucxo elementebi da regularulad gamoikeneba sxva elementta Canacvlebis garese. Cveni azrit, es movlena ubralod sesxebis faqti ki ar aris, aramed interferenciis Sedegi. ciala bendeliani (Tbilisi) fonetikur movlenata / fonologiur cvladta stratifikacia da `fonetikuri kompromisis~ sakitxi enata kontaqtebis pirobebsi enata kontaqtebisas kontaqtsi imkofebian ara mxolod lingvisturi da sociolingvisturi, aramed fsiqolingvisturi, sociofsiqologiuri, etnolingvisturi da a. S. sistemebic, kulturata CaTvliT, rac enis kognitiur aspeqts ukavsirdeba. kontaqtis lingvistur doneze momxdari Koveli faqti sistema- Ta kavsirurtiertobis doneze sxvadasxvagvarad vlindeba. miuxedavad imisa, rom fonetika / fonologiis sfero enis ierarqiul modelsi Kvelaze dabal safexurs warmoadgens, fonetikuri movlena / fonemis qceva sistemis magal sferoebsi aisaxeba (e. benvenisti); sociolingvistur sistemata kontaqtis analizisas amosavalia individis socialuri / sametkvelo qceva, anu: sametkvelo qceva da socialuri qceva urtiertganmsazgvrelia. garkveul pirobebsi vlindeba `fonetikuri kompromisis~ movlena. sxvadasxva sistemis enebi / dialeqtebi socialuri funqcionirebisas aizuleben individs (cnobierad an gaucnobiereblad) sakutari sametkvelo kodis lingvisturi (fonetikuri, fonologiuri) aspeqtidan ugulebelkos specifikuri, mxolod sakutari fonetikuri da fonologiuri sistemistvis damaxasiatebeli movlenebi, specifikuri fonemebi da warmoiqmneba Sereuli fonologiuri cvlilebebi. `fonetikuri kompromisi~ komunikaciis miznit xdeba, magram igi zogjer scildeba am sferos da cxadad warmoacens erti enis / sociolingvisturi sistemis fonze zegavlenis mravalaspeqtovan realobas. e. sepiri `fonetikur kompromiss~ enata da kulturata gavrcobis (difuziis) safuzvlad miicnevda. am movlenas mravali negatiuri mxare aqvs. enata da sametkvelo koleqtivta istoriasi vlindeba er- Ti kanonzomiereba _ sociolingvisturi sistemebi ufro adre 18 19

10 qrebian, vidre enebi (d. haimsi); amdenad, Koveli lingvisturi faqti; fonetikuri movlena da fonologiuri cvladi _ mikronebi, sasualebas izleva sistemis Tundac fragmentul doneze agdgenisa. zogjer erti da igive fonetikuri movlena / fonologiuri cvladi sxvadasxva startis SemTxvevaSi gansxvavebulad funqcionirebs, romlis drosac `fonetikuri kompromisis~ negatiuroba vlindeba, an ar vlindeba. moxsenebasi ganxilulia Z bgeris dakargva (cvlilebis faqtebi) istoriulad, Tanamedrove qartul dialeqtur sametkvelo kodebsi (sadac mas xandazmul, Seurevel dialeqtze mosaubreni ikeneben), gansakutrebit _ ingiloursi, sadac Z z procesi naxursa da azerbaijanul enebtan kontaqtit ixsneba; Z bgera Zalze Taviseburad ikargeboda / ikargeba qartul/rusul bilingva an qartul sametkvelo kodsi rusuli mikronebis mizandasaxulad momxmarebelta mier, mag., sxvadasxva asakis, rusulenovani an ararusulenovani ganatlebis mqone, `prestijuli~ Tbilisuri (qalaquri) kodit / mosaubre Z-s dakargvit sitkvasi Sei(Z)leba (pirian formebsic) gadartavda sametkvelo kods (damaxasiatebeli paralingvisturi nisnebit); es `klusteri~ (p. Slobinskis am termins qartulsi `wre~ metnaklebad Seesabameba). amjamad inglisurs rusulis msgavsi funqciit ikenebs, kompromisic daaxloebit imave rigisaa, rac rusulis SemTxvevaSi. `SezGuduli~ aseti kodi TviT axdens gavlenas pirovnebis enobriv cnobierebaze da warmartavs mis fiqrs (b. bernstaini). es Kovelive mis socialur qcevasi sxvaenovani kulturisadmi damokidebulebasi vlindeba. am TvalsazrisiT aseve ganvixilavt v/, f/ alternaciebs sxvadasxva stratisa da situaciebis mixedvit, bgeris qartulsi arsebobis istoriastan mimartebit. arsen bertlani (Telavi) qartuli antroponimebi enata urtiertobebis fonze ra mdgomeraobasia qartuli antroponimebi rusul-qar- Tuli enobrivi urtiertobebis, kerzod, rusuli artikulaciis (ortoepiis) pirobebsi? antroponimebis gadatanisas (`transportirebisas~) erti sametkvelo sivrcidan meoresi, rasac transantroponimias vuwodebdi, unarcundebat Tu ara mat im qartuli enis nisnebi, romlis produqtsac isini warmoadgenen? aq vawkdebit seriozul antroponimul cvlilebebs, romlebic ZiriTadad gamowveulia xmovanta umaxvilobit anda ama Tu im Tanxmovnis CanacvlebiT magari da rbili korelatebit; Sdr. (TvalsaCinoebis amaglebis miznit, rusuli artikulacia gadmovcet qartuli transliteraciit, rata rac SeiZleba axlos mivikvanot realobastan qartulenovani mkitxvelebis is nawili, romelic verc erkveva da arc aris valdebuli erkveodes mocemul lingvistur labirintebsi; qartuli artikulaciis gadasvla rusul artikulaciasi agvnisnot > simbolo- Ti): dodo > dado / doda, Tedo > cido / wido an ceda / weda, Temo > cimo / wimo an cema / wema, Tengiz > cingiz / wingiz, mediko > miziko, melano > milano / milana, oto > ota / ato, omar > amar, onise > anise / anisi, osiko > asiko, orbeli > arbeli, soso > saso / sosa, sofo > sapo / sopa, qetevan > kicivan / kiwivan, SoTa > Sata, Sorena > Sarena, xatia > xacia / xawia; bagrationi > bagracioni / bagrawioni, matikosvili > macikasvili / mawikasvili, mutosvili > mutasvili, orbetisvili > arbecisvili / arbewisvili, oqruasvili > akruasvili, qvrivyirisvili > kvrivcirisvili, qozasvili > kazasvili, qotilaize > kacilaizi / kawilaizi, Kifiani > kipiani, CxeiZe > CxiiZi, yarelisvili > CareliSvili... sxva SemTxvevaSi ori sxvadasxva qartuli gvaridan vigebt erts da imasac _ zogjer gadagvarebuls; Sdr.: 20 21

11 batiasvili batiasvili baciasvili / bawiasvili TaTilaSvili tacilasvili / tawilasvili tatilasvili TaliaSvili taliasvili taliasvili zogjer antroponimebis deformacia imdenad mzimdeba, rom, gadis ra lingvisturi sakvalifikacio sivrcidan, imaze met Sefasebas ar imsaxurebs, rac Cadebulia frangul sitkvasi malséant. magalitad, data > data (rusulsi nisnavs TariG-s), Tina > Тина [т Åна] (rusulsi: `Klarti, damdgari wklis zedapirze modebuli mwvane lorwosebri masa~); levan > livan (rusulsi asocirdeba Ливан-Tan, anu liban-tan), babosvili > babasvil (rusulsi asocirdeba dedakac-tan, qalacuna-stan, la- Car-Tan), GoGoberiZe > gogoberize (qartulsi asocirdeba gogo-stan), lomaia > lamaia (rusulsi asocirdeba msxvrevastan), mosize > masizi (qartulsi asocirdeba masa-stan), osiasvili > asiasvili (qartulsi asocirdeba as-tan), qoqorisvili > kokorisvili (qartulsi asocirdeba kokor-tan), wivilasvili > civilasvili (qartulsi asocirdeba civ-tan), yaladideli > CalaZiZeli (qartulsi asocirdeba Cala-sTan da ZiZa-sTan), yiyiasvili > CiCiaSvili (qartulsi asocirdeba CiCia-sTan), xorava > xarava (qartulsi asocirdeba xar-tan); gansjis donezec ki uxerxulobas qmnis iseti antroponimis rusuli artikulireba, rogoricaa saquasvili da a. S. aset pirobebsi TiTqmis agaraferi rceba qartuli gvarsaxelebisgan: faqtobrivad, adgili aqvs antroponimebis sruliad axali versiebis gacenas, anu es Kovelive gvarwarmoebas ufro mogvagonebs, vidre arsebuli gvarebis konstatacias. sinamdvilesi qartuli bgerebis warmotqmis mxriv rusebs ara aqvt imaze meti problema, vidre, magalitad, qartvelebs gvicndeba rusuli ы-s warmotqmis mxriv. es sakitxi, TavisTavad, enata urtiertobebis sferodanaa, enata urtiertobebi ki igive xalxta, adamianta urtiertobebia. amitom: antroponimta amgvari deformaciebis kvalobaze SeiZleboda gvelaparaka metkvelebrivi pativiscemis deficitis (mepade-s) Sesaxeb. sxva Tu ara, Cven Tavad mainc unda vicavdet Cvensave antroponimebs msgavsi dazianebebisgan, roca ucxo (am SemTxvevaSi _ rusul) enaze vmetkvelebt. antroponimebsi, rogorc arsad sxvagan, Tavs icens ra umaglesi donis fonologiuri relevanturoba, TiToeuli bgeris jgeradoba piris (pirovnebis) identifikaciis fardia. amitom aq TiToeuli bgera tabuirebulia da, SeZlebisdagvarad, maqsimalurad unda ikos daculi misi xelseuxebloba. arina berize (axalcixe) arzrumis istoriuli saxelebi arzrumi Tanamedrove TurqeTis teritorize mdebare uzvelesi somxuri qalaqia. massi saukuneebis ganmavlobasi cxovrobdnen somxebi, romlebic me-19 saukunis iani wlebidan gadmoasaxles samcxe-javaxetsi. qalaqis daarsebas somexi istorikosi movses xorenaci Semdegnairad mogvitxrobs: `samefo karisagan migebuli brzanebisamebr, mxedartmtavari anatoliosi movida Cvens qvekanasi, moiara Cveni mravali mxare da SearCia karinis gavari, rata iq, mosavlian nakofier wkaluxv adgilze gaesenebina qalaqi. erti Tvalwarmtaci mtis Ziras waawkdnen ankara patar-patara wkaroebs da [anatolisma] gadawkvita swored iq gaesenebinat qalaqi

12 man Semoavlo im adgils uziro Txrili da iq CauKara sazirkveli galavans, romelzedac metad magali koskebi aago, agretve mtisken mimartuli gasasvlelebi satavsebiturt~. daarsebis dgidan me-20 saukunis 20-ian wlebamde, qalaqma uamravi cvlileba ganicada. igi xelidan xelsi gadadioda da cxovrebis stils icvlida. xan somxetis sakutrebas warmoadgenda, xan arabebis, xan bizantiis, xan _ saqartvelosi. sabolood ki TurqeTis SemadgenlobaSi agmocnda. Cveni mizania arzrumis im saxelebis kvleva, romlebic istoriis sxvadasxva periodsi erqva mas, kerzod: karni, astasupolis arzrum, argiron, ardurum, arz, arzan, ar-rum, er-rum, arzarum, arzerum, arzirum, arzn, arzne, el-rum, horomoc, argrum, arguni, argwn, arwn er rum, artr rum, barandis, galigula, garanedis, garanide, garanidide, garanitide, ereg errum, ergenerum, Teodopolis, Teodosiopol, Teodosiopolis, Teodosopolis, Teodosupol, kalikala, kaliqala, karaxpolis, karana, karanatide, karanitis, karen, karentis, karini, karinites, karinitis, karnain qalaq, karna qalaq, karnu qalaqi, karuns qalaqi, karuc qalaqi, qaliqala, qarin qalaqi. sainteresoa, rom qalaqis saxelwodeba xsirad ert avtortanac ramdenime formit aris mocemuli, rasac ganapirobebda misi istoriuli bedukugmartoba, sxvadasxva periodsi sxvadasxva dampkroblis zegavlenis qves Kofna da mat mier qalaqisatvis sakutriv TavianTi saxelwodebis miniyeba. radgan qalaqi daaarsa bizantielma imperatorma Teodosma, amitom qalaqis pirveli saxelwodebac Teodosiopolisic mis saxels ukavsirdeba. me-11 saukunemde sxvadasxva saxis wkarosi Teodopolis- Tan ertad ramdenime sxva saxelic gvxvdeba, romeltagan Ziri- Tad adgils karnu qalaqi ikavebs. me-10 saukunis istorikosi i. drasxanakerteli `somxetis istoriasi~ ramdenjerme exeba qalaqis istorias da mas Kvelgan karnu qalaqis saxelwodebit moixseniebs. me-11 saukunesi anatolia da mteli maxlobeli agmosavleti momtabare Turq-selCukTa gavlenis qves eqceva. am droidan vrceldeba qalaqis ert-erti Kvelaze cnobili saxeli arzer-rumi anu erzrumi wels iq gadasaxlda seljukebis mier dangreuli qalaq arzanis mosaxleoba da qalaqs ewoda arzan-ur-rum. qalaqi sxvadasxva dros saqartvelos SemadgenlobaSi xsirad Sedioda, amitom qartul istoriul wkaroebsi mis Sesaxeb sakmaod vrcel masalas vpoulobt. qartul istoriografiasi da istoriul wkaroebsi somxuris da bizantiuris msgavsad qalaqis sakutari saxeli ramdenime formit gvxvdeba, romeltagan upiratesad oria erzrumi (arzrumi) da karnu qalaqi, agretve: adrianapoli, andriani, endranapoli, karni. kerzod, es formebi gvxvdeba, rogorc vaxustistan, aseve Tamar mefisdroindel istorikosebtan. iv. JavaxiSvili karnu qalaqze msjelobisas askvnis, rom Tamaris mefobis xanasi es qalaqi ezinkiturt saqartvelos moxarke iko. igi SeniSnavs, rom XIII s. meore naxevarsi mesxetis mtavris gansagebeli iwkeboda borjomis xeobidan, tasiskaridan da karnumde agwevda. karnus Sesaxeb n.berzenisvili Semdeg Sexedulebas akalibebs: `es kar-ebi (Karsi, baskadlikarebi, kldekarni, arzrumi da sxva karebi taosi) SeiZleba ara marto gasavals, aramed ufro Zvelad mosaxleobas, saxls, gvars, keras nisnavdnen... rom es qvekana am `karebit~ SeiZleba ikos nakvalevi qartis tomis gansaxlebisa uzveles dros~. amgvarad, arzrumis saxeltagan gamovkoft ZiriTadad sams: Teodosiopolisi, arzrumi (erzrumi) da karni (karnu qalaqi). TiToeuli matgani ukavsirdeba Sesabamisad bizantiur, somxur da qartul istoriul sinamdviles

13 merab berize (axalcixe) qartuli sufiqsit nawarmoebi Turquli fuze Kannisi qartul-turquli enobrivi kontaqtebis satave uzveles drosia saziebeli. Turquli toponimebi gvxvdeba samcxe-javaxetsi, mat Soris aris mxolod Turquli saxelebi, Sereuli qartul-turquli kompozitebi da Turqul fuzeze dartuli qartuli afiqsebit nawarmoebi formebi. TiToeul matgans Tavisi istoria aqvs. Kannisi daburul xevs hqvia nasoflar erkotasi (aspinzis raioni). Kannisi nawilia genetiurmsazgvreliani kompozitisa. paralelurad gvaqvs Kanni dara, Kanni xevi, Kanni wkali, Kanni. saxeli ase daisleba: Kann-is-i. Kan (kan) Turqulad _ sisxli. Kannisi _ sisxlobi, sisxliani. es xevi erkotidan yobaretis sazgvarsi rodesac Sedis, mas paralelurad mosisxle xevs da sisxlian Geles uwodeben. Turqul saxelsi mxolod erti n aris. safiqrebelia, rom am sitkvis meore n-c Turqulis niadagzea gacenili. Kanni migebulia kanli-sagan, sadac Turquli -li daboloeba qartuli -ian sufiqsis badalia. metkvelebasi kanli ismis, rogorc kanni (asimilaciit nl nn). adgilobrivta cnobit, xevi `sakacago~ iko. iq KaCaGebi budobdnen. analogiuri magalitis mokvana SeiZleba mtiani ayaris toponimidan. `saatis atze mivatanet `sisxlis GelesTan~, romelsac Turqul saxelsac ezaxian amave mnisvnelobisas (`Kanli dere~). xevi am adgilas sasinlad viwrovdeba, TiTqmis ikvris.. sisxlis Gele am adgils imitom darqmevia, rom adamianis sisxli xsirad dagvrila, aq SerTvia dedamiwasa....firalebi am adgils Tavis bunagad Tvlian, saimedo safarad, sadac gamvlelis gazarcva da mokvlac saznelo srulebit ar aris mattvis. am sami wlis win Gele Semdegi sisxlis Gvris mowme Kofila~... es faqti gansakutrebul mnisvnelobas izens imis gamo, rom fiqsirebulia me-19 saukununis bolos, Txroba axlandel drosia, firalebis SiSi mogzauris striqonebsac emcneva da ueyvels xdis aspinzis raionis erkota-yobarelta mtkicebas Kannisis Sesaxeb. CvenTvis mnisvnelovania agretve, rom mesxursa Tu JavaxurSi -is sufiqsi bolo saukuneebsi cocxali sufiqsia da saxelta sawarmoeblad gamoikeneba. marine b erize, lia bakuraze (Tbilisi) dialeqturi teqstebis korpusi da enata kontaqtebi ukve erti welia mimdinareobs musaoba proeqtze `saqar- Tvelos lingvisturi korpusi~, romelic itvaliswinebs qartuli dialeqtebis korpusis Seqmnas. SedarebiT axalgazrda lingvistikis dargis _ korpusis lingvistikis metodologiit mu- Savdeba dialeqturi teqstebis didi masivi. korpusis Tematuri anotirebis maxasiateblebi isea SerCeuli, rom SesaZlebeli ikos am teqstebis lingvisturi da interdisciplinaruli TvalsazrisiT kvleva. satanado anotirebis Semdeg korpussi advilad SeiZleba gamoikos masala, romelic asaxavs sxvadasxva tipis enobrivi kontaqtebis Sedegebs. korpussi maqsimalurad gantavsdeba saqartvelos farglebs garet gavrcelebuli dialeqtebis Sesaxeb arsebuli masala. ramdenime saukunis manzilze sxvadasxva politikuri mizezit saqartvelos zogi kutxis izolaciam CamoaKaliba qartuli enis sivrculi ganfenilobis sruliad originaluri surati. saukuneze metia iranis, azerbaijanis da TurqeTis teritoriaze mcxovreb qartvelta metkveleba iqca mecnieruli dakvirvebisa da dokumentirebis obieqtad

14 xelovnurma izolaciam ertgvar `laboratoriad~ aqcia qartuli enobrivi sinamdvile, sadac dakvirveba SeiZleba rogorc izolaciis Tanmxleb centridanul enobriv procesebze, ise agdgenili kontaqtebis Tanmxleb movlenebze, romlebsic askarad Cans erovnuli enis xelaxali gavlenis kvali da askaraa `centriskenuli~ tendenciebi. dialeqturi teqstebis korpusi gulisxmobs am procesebis ara mxolod dokumentirebas, aramed izleva mati monitoringis sasualebas. kerzod, Cveni proeqtis farglebsi sasualeba gvaqvs davakvirdet iset enobriv procesebs, rogoricaa:. semantikuri gadanacvleba;. ucxoenovani leqsika;. gramatikuli inventaris Taviseburi gamokeneba da sxv. leqsikis kompiuteruli damusavebis Cveni koncefcia gulisxmobs monacemta iseti bazis Seqmnas, sadac SeiZleba calke gamoikos `semantikuri gadanacvlebisa~ da sinonimta qartulucxouri wkvilebis katalogebi, rac ara marto win waswevs am sakitxebis tipologiur kvlevas, aramed aqtualuri iqneba wminda praqtikuli TvalsazrisiTac _ gauadvilebs msobliuri enis Seswavlas Cvens Tanamemamuleebs. vfiqrobt, rom katalogebis momzadeba Cveni ucxoetsi mcxovrebi TanamemamuleebisaTvis srulkofili saxelmzgvaneloebis Seqmnis aucilebeli winapirobaa. moxsenebasi ganxilulia Cvens korpussi gantavsebuli testebidan moziebuli masala da mocemulia am masalis Semdgomi damusavebis principebi. marine berize, giorgi cocanize (Tbilisi) migraciebi XX saukunis saqartvelosi da mastan dakavsirebuli lingvisturi sakitxebi 1. XX saukunesi ramdenime mzlavrma migraciulma talgam ertianad Secvala saqartvelos enobrivi da dialeqturi panorama. masobrivi, izulebiti migraciebis garda qvekanasi ar SewKvetila da dgesac grzeldeba KofiTi, ekologiuri da sxva saxis migraciata bunebrivi procesi. 2. proeqtebis `enobrivi situacia Tanamedrove saqartvelosi~ (folksvagenstiftungi) da `saqartvelos lingvisturi portreti~ (saqartvelos erovnuli samecniero fondi) mimdinareobs musaoba rogorc XX saukunis migraciuli procesebis dokumentirebisa da kvlevis, aseve am migraciul procesebtan dakavsirebuli enobrivi masalis mopovebis, damusavebis da lingvisturi da interdisciplinaruli kvlevisatvis misi momzadebis mimartulebit. 3. moxsenebasi warmodgenili iqneba dialeqturi teqstebis korpusis (`saqartvelos lingvisturi portreti~) SesaZleblobebi da sasualebebi migraciuli procesebis amsaxveli enobrivi masalis gamorcevisa da kvlevisatvis. 4. warmovadgent monacemta bazebs dialeqturi teqstebis korpusisa da migraciuli procesebis kartografirebisatvis. (proeqti `enobrivi situacia Tanamedrove saqartvelosi~). 5. moxsenebasi warmodgenili iqneba dialeqtebis axali saenatmecniero dargis _ korpusis lingvistikis metodebit kvlevis perspeqtivebi da saertoqartul samecniero sivrcesi misi damkvidrebis mosalodneli Sedegebi. Tundac unaklo da Tanamedrove motxovnebis Sesabamisi korpusis Seqmna ar aris sakmarisi imistvis, rom qartulma enatmecnierebam daszlios saertasoriso lingvistur gamocdilebastan meotxedsaukunovani CamorCena _ Cveni azrit, aq aranakleb mnisvnelovania korpusisadmi momxmarebluri interesis da profesiuli molodinis ga

15 Cena saenatmecniero wreebsi. rogorc araertxel agvnisnavdit, iqmneba ara mxolod krebuli an koleqcia dialeqturi teqstebisa, aramed am koleqciis dokumentirebis, sistematizaciisa da kvlevis mzlavri instrumenti anu korpusi _ enis an dialeqtebis Taviseburi mikromodeli. 6. es mikromodeli, rogorc agvnisnavdit, asaxavs XX saukunis migraciebit gamowveul umnisvnelovanes cvlilebebs rogorc lingvisturi, ise sociolingvisturi da kulturologiuri TvalsazrisiT. 7. moxsenebasi gamotqmulia azri SemoTavazebuli problematikis umagles saswavlo procestan integrirebisa da qseluri TanamSromlobis SesaZlebel ganvitarebaze. manana bukia (zugdidi) enobrivi kontaqtebis Sedegad warmoqmnil sitkvata rigisatvis qartvelur da afxazur enebsi enobrivi kontaqtebi ara marto leqsikuri erteulebis `gacvlas~ ganapirobebs, aramed xels uwkobs axali erteulebis Seqmnis process. mxedvelobasi gvaqvs e. w. hibriduli (orenovani) kompozitebi, romlebic fonetikuri adaptaciis Semdeg axal sitkva- Ta rigs akalibebs enebsi. moxsenebasi ganxilulia qartvelur-afxazuri enobrivi kontaqtebis Sedegad warmoqmnili orenovani kompozitebi. xsir SemTxvevaSi kompozitis warmoqmnis mizezi xdeba sqesis markirebis sayiroeba, mag.: anazze `ZiZa, dedamzuze~ ori ingredientisagan Sedgeba. pirveli afxazuri an `dedaa~, meore ki _ qar- Tveluridan SeTvisebuli ZiZa > (a)zze; abazze `ZiZis qmari, gamzrdeli~, ab `mama~. amave rigisaa a-j bat `furzaqi~, a-j kambas `furkameci~, sadac pirveli nawili a-j afxazurad `Zroxis, furis~ agmnisvnelia, meore ki, pirvel SemTxvevaSi megruli `zaqia~, meoresi megrulad adaptirebuli `kameci~ (kameci > kambeci > kambesi > a-kambasi). aqve ganixileba afxazuri hibriduli kompozitebi a-c bat `xarzaqi~, a-c kambas `xarkameci~; Sdr. a-c `xari~. ert-ert JgufSi (kvebis produqtebis agmnisvneli leqsika) kompozitta erti nawili megrulidan (resp. qartveluridan) SeTvisebuli sitkvebia, meore ingredientad warmodgenilia afxazuri (a)cafa, romlis amosavalia a-cafara `saymlis Sekmazva~: a-kaliacafa `ekalas fxali~, a-x ˆlCafa `kejera fxali~, a-kamacafa `kamis fxali~. Sesabamisad, afxazuri terminebis zedmiwevniti mnisvnelobaa `Sekmazuli ekala~, `Sekmazuli kejera~, `Sekmazuli kama~ (es terminebi dafiqsirebulia ayarasi mcxovreb afxazta metkvelebasi). hibridul kompozitta soliduri raodenoba gvxvdeba rzis produqtebis agmnisvnel afxazur leqsikasi: a-s rtata `ykinti Kveli~, zedm. `ToTo Kveli~ (Sdr. svan. ToT TaS `ykinti Kveli~), a-s yya // -S xyya `dafsvnili Kveli~ (Sdr. yayuta Kveli), a-s Kvelia afxazurad. a-xarw ˆsˆZbal `mawvnis Seyamadi~, sadac pirveli komponenti `mawvnis~ agmnisvneli afxazuri a-xarw ˆ-a, meore (a)sˆzbal ki megruli sazbeli // sawbeli (< qart. sawebeli). hibriduli kompozitia afxazuri a-k ˆdxarkale `kirkaji~: a-k ˆd `lobio~, xarkale < xarkalia `kirkaji~ (megr.). sxvata Soris, megrulsi `kirkaji~ sintagmit aginisneba _ xarkalia lebia. ateulze meti kompoziti Seiqmna qartveluridan, an qar- Tveluris gzit agmosavlurenovani samkarodan SeTvisebul leqsikastan afxazuri a-c ˆ `cxenis~ SerwKmiT: a-kiarc ˆ `Kevari cxeni~, a-c ˆ ra `ura cxeni~, a-c ˆ arcan `ocani cxeni~, a-c ˆnadi `loxi cxeni~, a-calandarc ˆ `bargis cxeni~, a-c ˆzardag½ 30 31

16 `Calisferi cxeni~... qartvelursi aseti rigis kompozitta ricxvi naklebia. megrulsi damkvidrebulia hibriduli kompoziti xijebja `xseni~, sadac xije < xijeja < xijaja < hˆjaja < axjaja < afxaz. a-xjaja `xseni~ (megrulsi daculia Kvela fonetikuri varianti), bja `rze~ (megr.). hibriduli kompoziti gvaqvs toponimsi JoGorZaga `sazovari akibos mtaze~, Sedgeba megruli JoGor-i (`ZaGli~) da afxazuri (a)zaga-sagan (`mlasobi~). hibriduli kompozitebi mravlad gvxvdeba samurzakanos toponimikasi. Salva g abeskiria (Tbilisi) qartvelur-turquli enobrivi kontaqtebi lazetis toponimikuri masalis mixedvit lazetsi qartvelur enebs saukuneebis ganmavlobasi ber- Znul, Turqul, somxur enebtan hqonda urtiertoba, ramac am regionis toponimikasic hpova asaxva. osmalta epoqasi lazetis geografiul saxelwodebata umravlesoba qartveluria. Turqe- Tis respublikad gamocxadebis Semdeg mravali matgani Turquli toponimit Seicvala. axal oikonimta erti nawili qartul toponimtan zustad miaxloebit Targmans warmoadgens: sumjuma- C qardes `sami Zma~, otalaxe _ Camurlu `talaxiani adgili~, bulefi _ qirazdˆq `blovani~ da sxv. zogierti axali adgilis saxeli fonetikurad Zvels aris mimsgavsebuli: papati (papi, papa `mgvdeli~): fafata `gvirila~, sumla _s mer `Sumeri~. lazuri oikonimebi xsirad reliefis nisan-tvisebebs asaxavs. mat nawils botanikur termintagan migebuli adgilis saxelebi Seadgens: omra (laz. Komur- // omur- // omur- // omr- `tkemali~), top. burge-si (p. kesarieli) bueras agmnisvneli lazuri sitkvaa sagulvebeli (Sdr. megr. burgi, svan. brg i, brg i, burg i, brgu, birg ). lazetis istoriuli toponimebis struqtura qartul toponimiur saxelta msgavsia. SavizGvispireTis am mxaris toponimebsi Semdegi tipis saxelebia dadasturebuli: 1. martivi 2. afiqsebit nawarmoebi: a) sufiqsit nawarmoebi b) prefiqs-sufiqsit nawarmoebi 3. sitkvatseertebit migebuli. geografiul saxelwodebebsi gamoikofa rogorc agmosavlet qartuli (-et), aseve dasavlur qartuli sufiqsebi (-at, -T). topoformantad qceuli (a)sen-is dartvitaa migebuli toponimi artaseni. -is sufiqsuri warmoeba ufro potamonimebistvisaa damaxasiatebeli: arqab-is-i, ir-is-i (iesilirmaqi), hal-i-s-i (qizil irmaqi), romlis amosavalia lazuri Gal-i `Gele~. qartveluri geografiuli saxelebi Turquli saliteraturo enis fonetikisa da fonotaqtikis wesebis mixedvit aris damkvidrebuli: arqabe _ arhavi, viwe _ vice, xofa _ hofa, ar- TaSeni _ ardeseni, borcxa _ borcqa da sxv. amave wess emorcileba zogierti `gaberznulebuli~, mkvlevrebis mier ufro luviurad micneuli winaberznuli toponimic: giresun-i, trabzon-i da sxv

17 elisabed gazdeliani (Tbilisi) qartul-svanuri enobrivi mimartebebi kompozitebsi svanur enasi xsiria kompozitebi, romlebic qartuli enobrivi masalisagan Sedgeba da mat kompozitad CamoKalibebis processi, svanuri dialeqtebis mixedvit, garkveuli fonetikur-semantikuri cvlilebebi ganucdiat. unda aginisnos, rom zogjer iseti Sedgenilobis kompozitebi, rogoric svanursia, sakutriv qartulsi ar dasturdeba. 1. svan. cxirwšla bz., lsx. cxirwela bq., lnt. _ wvrili, xiwvis odena Gero. cxirwšla desa Jispa (bz., lsx.) `xiwvisodena Gero ar gadagibrunebia (araferi ar Segiqmnia. gadat. usaqmuroba)~; cxir- zs. `xiwvi, xiyvi~ (svan. leqs.); usg. `Cxiri~ (b. nijaraze, qart. svan. rus. leqsikoni). kompozitis meore nawili -wšla / -wela bot. `wbila~ (svan. leqs.). Sdr. qart. wvel-i _ pureuli Gero TavTavamde (qegl). -wela fuzesi e xmovnis sigrze dakarguli vøs kompensaciaa. svan. cxirwšla < qart. Cxiri {da} wveli leqsemebisagan. 2. svan. g i-bˆnb; g ibˆnb bq., lnt. guiguneb lsx. _ guneba-ganwkobileba (guli buneba lsx. guneba). svan. leqs. qart. guli > zs., lnt. g i uøs umlautis Sedegad. bolokiduri -li dakargulia mtel svanursi. kompozitis meore sitkva svan. bˆnb < qart. buneba uøs nawilobrivi reduqciit ˆØd da < ukana mimartulebis umlautis Sedegad, Sdr. qart. goneba > svan. gonb; qart. neba > svan. nb, lasxur formasi guneb < guneba gvaqvs daculi. 3. svan. bz., lsx. Tal fa º zogjer bz-si T l fa lnt. Talafa `wamwami~ (svan. leqs.). b. nijarazis leqsikonsi wamwami, qut To orive ganmartebulia rogorc Talfa. Tal fa kompozitsi SeiZleba gamoikos Tal < Tval-i da - fa nawili, romelic unda momdinareobdes svan. lafar-i `safari~ an TviT qar- Tuli safari-dan, sadac prefiqsis s < sa-, an l < la Tanxmovnebi dakargulia da kvali darca - fa nawilsi a xmovnis sigrzis saxit. svan. Tal fa-s SevadaroT adiguri napa _ `qutu- To~, sadac na- `Tvali-a~, -pa _ `saxuravi~ (i. qerqaze; a. Sagirovi). svan. Tal fa _ sitkvasitkvit nisnavs Tvalsafars, momdinares amave qartuli SesitKvebidan. 4. svan. c idimocld bq., cudmocald lsx., cviddimocald lnt. zmns. 1. `tkuil-ubralod, usargeblod~; 2. lnt. `abdaubdad~ (svan. leqs.). kompoziti Sedgeba ori fuzisagan pirveli bq. c id- lsx. cud- lnt. c idd _ fuyi, tkuili; amao (svan. leqs.), Sdr. qart. cudi, saidanac umlautian dialeqtebsi miviget c id- fuze. lentexuri c idd zmnisarti igivea rac qart. cudad. balsqvemouri da lentexuri dialeqtebis formebsi daculia i `da~ kavsiri. meore komponentia _ mocl zs., lnt. mocal lsx. _ umnisvnelo, ubralo ram, moclili. mocl mare li lnt. `umnisvnelo, ubralo~. kompozitsi dacul _ mocld bq., lnt. mocald lsx. nawili vitarebit brunvasi dgas, Sdr. qart. mocaleoba, mocaleba (qegl.) svan. kompoziti Sedgeba qartuli cudad da moclilad leqsemebisagan. moxsenebasi warmodgenili iqneba sxva msgavsi kompozitebic. mag. tarebednieri < `netarbednieri~; svan. oqrocxal < `oqromsxali~; svan. cod-kal en < codvis kanoni `sacodavi, sabralo~; svan. zˆmzˆms `cot-cota~, svan. zexmel < qart. zeze xmeli; itkvian Zalian gamxdar da magal adamianze. svan. orgm < qart. ori gemo `momjavo motkbo ram~